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Usnje se impregnira ali hidropira in se tem se naredi neredi nepropustno za vodo. Običajno se usnje za čevlje in oblačila že v strojarskem obratu hidropira. Poznana pa je tudi impregnacija s sprejem Aerosola, ki se ga lahko kupi v vsaki veleblagovnici ali trgovini s čevlji.

Impregancijo potrebujejo še posebej tiste vrste usnja, ki so že po naravi občutljiva na vlago in umazanijo. To je grobo usnje (Nubuk in Velur usnje) in Anilin usnje. Imregnacija se običajno nanaes kot sprej in s tem postane usnje neobčutljivo na vodo. Vlaga in umazanija se ne vpijejo tako hitro v pore usnja.

Pomembno! Impregnacija na naredi usnja enako neobčutljivega na vodo kot površnsko barvanje. Vsaka impregnacija lahko zaščiti samo pogojno. Zato se občutljivo usnje, kljub impregnaciji, ne sme izpostaviti vsem vremenskim pogojem.

Pomembno! Velikokrat se impregnacija izenačujej z nego usnja. Impregancija ima le eno nalogo in sicer povečati neobčutljivost na vodo. Pod nego usnja pa razumemo veliko več. Nega usnja mora usnje čim dlje konzervirat dobro stanje usnja. A usnje potrebuje poleg zaščite pred vdorom vlage tudi maščenje, da ostane mehko in ali UV filter, da ne zbledi in ali zmanjševalec trenja, da se tako hitro ne obrabi. Zato se imregancija nikoli ne razume kot zadostna nega, temveč samo kot zaščite pred vlago. Usnje se drugače izsuši in postane krhko.

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Opozorilo na usnjenih hlačah iz razegljivega usnja

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Pri odprtoprnem Anilin usnju, tudi intenzivna imregancija ne pomeni zadostne zaščite. To je obutev za lepo vreme.

 

Na površinsko obarvanem usnju impregnacija ni smiselna. Impregnacija nima negovalnih lastnosti, samo poveča vodno odpornost. Za takšno usnje je zato bolj smiselna nega z negovalnim mlekom, oljem za usnje ali mastjo.

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Slika 1 kaže kapljico vode na pigmnetiranem govejem usnju. Kapljica se ne vpije. Zraven vidimo kako se kapljica vpije v odprtoporno Anilin usnje.

Najbolj unčikovita impregnacija je impregnacija iz pločevinke. Pri prvi impregnaciji je sicer potreben večkraten nanos in vmes je potrebno usnje posušiti, a pri učinkovitosti so veliko boljši kot alternativni produkti na vodni osnovi ali iz pumpic (Pumpsprayflaschen). Tudi izdelki ki kombinirajo impregancijo in nego, ne dosežejo primerljivih rezultatov. Slaba stran impregnacij iz pločivinke so sredstva, ki jih vsebujejo. Nanos na prostem ni težaven. Nanos v zaprtih prostorih odsvetujemo. Pri visoki koncentraciji sredstva v zraku, se ta lahko vsede na pljuča in zmanjša zmožnost vnosa kisika. Zaradi tega imajo vse impregnacije močan vonj, da s tem preprečimo nezaželjen vdihanje in predoziranje. V preteklosti so imregancijska sredstva brez vonja ali celo z vonjem dišav povzročilaresne poškodbe.

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Impregancija iz pločevinke

Z nanosom impregnacije iz pločevinke se zmožnost dihanje usnja zmanjša za ca. 5 do 10 odstotkov. A ker se impregnacija v praski nanaša na odprtoporna usnja, se lahko to zmanjšanje zanemari.

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