Krčenje

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Dobro maščeno usnje se ne skrči tako hitro kot slabo maščeno usnje. Način strojenja usnja tudi vpliva na občutljivost do krčenja. Tradicionalno rastlinsko strojeno usnje se prične krčiti pri 70 stopinjah.. To zveni kot zelo visoka temperatura, katera pa se zelo hitro preseže v primeru, da se kabriolet črnimi mokrimi usnjenimi sedeži za sušenje postavi na pripekajoče sonce. Usnje se takrat dobesedno skuha. Moderni načini strojenja s kromom, prestavijo mejo krčenja usnja precej navzgor in sicer od 90 pa vse do 110 stopinj, preden opazimo spremembe. Poptebno pa je povedati, da se krom strojeno usnje sicer prične kasneje krčiti , kot rastlinsko strojeno usnje a takrat z večjo intenzivnostjo. Sintetično strojeno usnje se prične krčiti sicer že pri 75 stopinjah a ne tako intenzivno kot pri krom usnje. Tudi vlažnost usnja vpliva na mejno temperaturo pri kateri se usnje začen krčiti. Suho usnje je bolj neobčutljivo kot vlaćno usnje. Ker pa usnje vpija vlago iz okolja, je ta dejavnik potrebno upoštevati, še posebej pri kritični uporabi.

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Slika 1: Zadnja klop starodobnika – Slika 2: Naslon za glavo skrčen, zaradi sonca – Slika 3: Luknja na sedežni garnituri, kot posledica prevrnjene svetilke.

Že med samim postopkom strojenja je potrebno temperaturo, kateri je usnje izpostavljeno, nenehno nadzorovat. Neobdelana koža se ne sme izpostaviti temperaturi višji od 30 stopinj, saj je zelo nestabilna na temperaturne vplive. Med strojenjem se temperatura običajno giblje med 50 in 70 stopinjah. Prav tako je potrebno nadzorovat temperaturo tudi pri sušenje, obdelavi in izdelavi odtiskov.

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Kabinsko usnje – Usnje za armaturne plošče – pred krčeno usnje

Proizvajalci avtomobilov in njihovi dobavitelji pa uporabljajo krčenje usnja tudi v svojo korist – pri preoblekah armaturnih plošč. Za dosego stabilnosti oblike in neobčutljivost na sončno pripeko ter visoko vlago se usnje že pri proizvodnji skrči (pred krčeno usnje). Ta tako imenovan heat setting postopek se izvede tako, da je usnje kratkotrajno izpostavljeno temperaturi višji od 100 stopnj celzija. Čas postopka je dovolj dolg, da se doseže trajno krčanje in kratek dovolj, da je usnje še uporabno.

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Zadnja klop BMW E30 Cabrio je še posebej občutljiva na temperaturne poškodbe

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Armaturna plošča popolnoma oblečna v usnje

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